Dedicated to the goddess Athena, this structure dates back to the 7th century BCE. Considering the characteristics of the period, a direct connection can be established between the construction of the temple and the city’s development. Therefore, the Temple of Athena’s existence serves as evidence of the economic and social advancement achieved by Old Smyrna. The temple holds a special place among the earliest examples of monumental religious architecture in the region, where stone was used as a building material.