An important part of Birgi’s rich historical fabric, the madrasah was commissioned by Derviş Ağa in the 17th century, as indicated by the inscription located in its courtyard, which has survived to the present day. Derviş Ağa, the son of el-Hac Ali Efendi, was from the Sarıbey neighborhood of Birgi. He was known as a philanthropist who left a significant mark on the city by endowing numerous properties and commissioning structures in the 17th century, contributing to the architectural richness of the region.
Due to its location below ground level, the structure is also known as Çukur Madrasah. Additionally, Şeyh Muhiddin Hammam (Çukur Hammam) is located across from the madrasah as part of the Derviş Ağa Complex.
Derviş Ağa Madrasah exemplifyies the typical characteristics of Ottoman madrasah architecture, the structure consists of seven student rooms and a classroom, arranged in an L-shape around a square courtyard. A closer examination of its architectural elements reveals that the prominent dome not only enhances the acoustics of the space but also adds an aesthetic appeal.
Madrassas, where education and socialization coexisted, were among the most significant public institutions of the era. In this context, Derviş Ağa Madrasah played a crucial role in the cultural and social life of its region. After suffering from neglect and deterioration for many years, the structure was restored in 2012.